Communicative democracy: the (unfinished) evolution of the concept

Karol Jakubowicz

The paper contains a review of concepts of communicative democracy in terms of three models: indirect and direct communicative democracy and the participatory-representative model of communicative democracy. These models serve as a point of departure for a review of such trends of debate in the last half-century on communicative democracy as: a tendency to democratise political and media systems; development of new information and communication technologies and their impact on communicative democracy; "modernisation" or "marketisation" of political communication and finally globalisation.

KEYWORDS

Direct and indirect communicative democracy, participatory-representative communicative democracy, e-democracy, public sphere, civil society, globalisation